1. ULungiselelo lweMathiriyeli ekrwada:
Ukukhetha imathiriyeli efanelekileyo ekrwada kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho wamacandelo okukhanya. Kwimveliso yangoku ye-optical, iglasi ebonakalayo okanye iplastiki ebonakalayo ikhethwa njengeyona nto iphambili. Iglasi ye-Optical idume ngokugqithiswa kokukhanya okuphezulu kunye nokuzinza, ibonelela ngokusebenza okukhethekileyo kokusebenza ngokuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kwezicelo ezinjengeemicroscopes, iiteleskopu, kunye nelensi zekhamera yeprimiyamu.
Zonke iimathiriyeli ekrwada zihlolwa umgangatho ongqongqo ngaphambi kokungena kwinkqubo yokuvelisa. Oku kubandakanya ukuvavanya iiparameters eziphambili ezifana nokungafihli, i-homogeneity, kunye ne-refractive index ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yoyilo. Nasiphi na isiphene esingephi sinokukhokelela kwimifanekiso egqwethekileyo okanye emfiliba, enokuthi ibeke esichengeni ukusebenza kwemveliso yokugqibela. Ke ngoko, ukulawulwa komgangatho ongqongqo kubalulekile ukugcina umgangatho ophezulu kwibhetshi nganye yemathiriyeli.
2. Ukusika kunye nokuBumba:
Ngokusekwe kwingcaciso yoyilo, izixhobo zokusika ezichubekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukubumba ngokuchanekileyo imathiriyeli ekrwada. Le nkqubo ifuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu kakhulu, njengoko ukutenxa okuncinci kunokuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kuqhubekeko olulandelayo. Umzekelo, xa kusenziwa iilensi zamehlo ezichanekileyo, iimpazamo zemizuzu zingenza ukuba ilensi yonke ingasebenzi. Ukufezekisa eli nqanaba lokuchaneka, ukuveliswa kwe-optical yanamhlanje kaninzi kusebenzisa izixhobo zokusika eziphambili ze-CNC ezixhotyiswe ngeenzwa ezichanekileyo eziphezulu kunye neenkqubo zokulawula ezikwazi ukuchaneka kwinqanaba le-micron.
Ukongezelela, iipropati ezibonakalayo zezinto eziphathekayo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngexesha lokusika. Kwiglasi yeglasi, ubunzima bayo obuphezulu bufuna izilumkiso ezikhethekileyo zokuthintela ukuqhekeka kunye nokwakheka kwenkunkuma; kwiiplastiki ezibonakalayo, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuphepha ukuguqulwa ngenxa yokushisa. Ngaloo ndlela, ukhetho lweenkqubo zokusika kunye nezicwangciso zeparameter kufuneka ziphuculwe ngokwezinto ezithile zokuqinisekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo.
3. UkuSila kunye nokuMenyezwa:
Ukusila kakuhle linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekwenziweni kwamalungu okukhanya. Kubandakanya ukusebenzisa umxube wamaqhekeza abrasive kunye namanzi ukugaya idiski yesibuko, ejolise ekufezekiseni iinjongo ezimbini eziphambili: (1) ukufanisa ngokusondeleyo i-radius eyenzelwe; (2) ukuphelisa umonakalo ongaphantsi komhlaba. Ngokulawula ngokuchanekileyo ubungakanani be-particle kunye nokugxininiswa kwe-abrasive, umonakalo ongaphantsi komhlaba unokuncitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela uphucula ukusebenza kwe-optical ye-lens. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ubukhulu obufanelekileyo beziko ukubonelela ngomda owaneleyo wokupolisha okulandelayo.
Ukulandela ukucolwa kakuhle, ilensi iyakhazimliswa ukufikelela kwiradiyasi echaziweyo yegophe, i-spherical irregularity, kunye nokugqiba komphezulu kusetyenziswa idiski yokupholisha. Ngexesha lokupholisa, i-lens radius ilinganiswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye ilawulwe kusetyenziswa iitemplates ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kweemfuno zoyilo. I-Spherical irregularity ibhekisa kuphazamiso oluphezulu oluvumelekileyo lwe-spherical wavefront, enokulinganiswa ngomlinganiselo woqhagamshelwano lwetemplate okanye i-interferometry. Ukuchongwa kwe-Interferometer kubonelela ngokuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nenjongo xa kuthelekiswa nomlinganiselo wesampulu, oxhomekeke kumava omvavanyi kwaye inokwazisa iimpazamo zoqikelelo. Ngaphaya koko, iziphene zomphezulu welensi ezifana nemikrwelo, imingxuma, kunye neenotshi kufuneka zihlangabezane nemigangatho echaziweyo ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwemveliso yokugqibela.
4. Ukubeka Embindini (Ulawulo lwe-Eccentricity okanye umahluko woButyenene obuLingeneyo):
Emva kokupholisha macala omabini elensi, udini lwelensi lucolwa kakuhle kwilensi ekhethekileyo ukuze kuphunyezwe imisebenzi emibini: (1) ukucola i-lens ukuya kutsho kwisangqa sayo sokugqibela; (2) ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-optical axis ihambelana ne-mechanical axis. Le nkqubo idinga ubuchule bokusila obuchanekileyo, imilinganiselo echanekileyo, kunye nohlengahlengiso. Ukulungelelaniswa phakathi kwee-ax ze-optical kunye ne-mechanical axs zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwe-lens ye-optical, kwaye nakuphi na ukuphambuka kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwemifanekiso okanye isisombululo esincitshisiweyo. Ke ngoko, izixhobo zokulinganisa ezichanekileyo, ezinje nge-laser interferometers kunye neenkqubo zolungelelwaniso oluzenzekelayo, zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ulungelelwaniso olugqibeleleyo phakathi kwee-axes ze-optical and mechanical.
Ngaxeshanye, ukugaya indiza okanye i-chamfer ekhethekileyo esisigxina kwi-lens nayo iyinxalenye yenkqubo yokubeka iziko. Ezi chamfers zongeza ukuchaneka kofakelo, ukuphucula amandla oomatshini, kunye nokuthintela umonakalo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Ke, ukubekwa kwindawo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kwe-optical kunye nokusebenza okuzinzile kwexesha elide kwelensi.
5. Unyango loKutyabeka:
I-lens epholisiweyo ithwala i-coating yokwandisa ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kunye nokunciphisa ukubonakaliswa, ngaloo ndlela iphucula umgangatho womfanekiso. Ukwambathisa linyathelo elibalulekileyo kwimveliso yecandelo le-optical, ukuguqula iimpawu zokusasaza ukukhanya ngokufaka ifilimu enye okanye ngaphezulu ebhityileyo kumphezulu welensi. Izinto zokugquma eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-magnesium oxide kunye ne-magnesium fluoride, eyaziwayo ngeempawu zabo ezibalaseleyo kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali.
Inkqubo yokugquma ifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobungakanani bezinto eziphathekayo kunye nobukhulu befilimu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle komgangatho ngamnye. Umzekelo, kwiileya ezininzi, ukutyeba kunye nokudityaniswa kwezinto zomaleko ohlukeneyo kunokuphucula kakhulu ukuhanjiswa kunye nokunciphisa ilahleko yokubonakalisa. Ukongeza, i-coatings inokubonelela ngemisebenzi ekhethekileyo ye-optical, efana nokuchasana kwe-UV kunye nokuchasana nenkungu, ukwandisa uluhlu lwesicelo se-lens kunye nokusebenza. Ke ngoko, unyango lokugquma alubalulekanga kuphela ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwamehlo kodwa lukwabalulekile ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zezicelo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-23-2024